ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield and energy balance of four sorghum genotypes in irrigated and rainfed crops. The experiment was conducted in an irrigation and drainage unit at the Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), in Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul state (Brazil). The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with split plots (with and without irrigation), testing four genotypes (BRS 506, CV 007, CV 147, and EJ 7281) with four replicates (32 plots). Irrigation provided yield increase in all four genotypes. The respective yield increases were 85.89%, 71.82%, 64.28%, and 63.36% for genotypes EJ 7281, BRS 506, CV 147, and CV 007. The energy efficiency (produced/ used ratio) was on average 3.5 under irrigation, and 2.8 for rainfed crops. These results indicate the lack of competition between sorghum and sugarcane, being the first an alternative for off-season. Irrigation increased productivity, leading to an increase in yield and, consequently, in the amount of extracted energy. Yield gains in response to irrigation were more pronounced for genotype EJ 7281. There was a positive impact of irrigation on the energy balance of the four genotypes, increasing energy efficiency.

INTRODUÇÃO: A Síndrome de Dandy Walker consiste em uma anormalidade congênita do sistema nervoso central, caracterizada por deficiência do desenvolvimento das estruturas médias cerebelares, dilatação cística de fossa posterior comunicando- se com o quarto ventrículo e deslocamento ascendente dos seios transversais, tentório e tórcula. Entre os sinais clínicos estão protuberância occipital, aumento progressivo do crânio, arqueamento das fontanelas anteriores, papiledema, ataxia, distúrbios da marcha, nistagmo e comprometimento intelectual. OBJETIVOS: Descrever um caso de paciente feminino, 13 anos com diagnóstico desta síndrome e perda auditiva bilateral submetida à cirurgia de implante coclear sob anestesia local e sedação. RELATO DE CASO: CGS, 13 anos, sexo feminino, foi referida ao Serviço de Otorrinolaringologia do Instituto paranaense de Otorrinolaringologia com diagnóstico de "síndrome de Dandy-Walker" para avaliação otorrinolaringológica por perda auditiva bilateral sem resposta ao uso de aparelhos de amplificação sonora. COMENTÁRIOS FINAIS: O campo da cirurgia de implante coclear está crescendo rapidamente. Acreditamos que a presença da síndrome de Dandy-Walker não pode ser considerada uma contra indicação para a realização da cirurgia de implante coclear, sendo que não houve intercorrências cirúrgicas devido às alterações neurológicas com resultados muito favoráveis para a paciente que apresenta excelente discriminação. Apresenta menor necessidade de leitura labial com melhora na qualidade da fala.

INTRODUCTION: Dandy Walker Syndrome is a congenital abnormality in the central nervous system, characterized by a deficiency in the development of middle cerebelar structures, cystic dilatation of the posterior pit communicating with the fourth ventricle and upward shift of the transverse sinuses, tentorium and dyes. Among the clinical signs are occipital protuberances, a progressive increase of the skull, bowing before the fontanels, papilledema, ataxia, gait disturbances, nystagmus, and intellectual impairment. OBJECTIVES: To describe a case of female patient, 13 years old with a diagnosis of this syndrome and bilateral hearing loss underwent cochlear implant surgery under local anesthesia and sedation. CASE REPORT: CGS, 13 years old female was referred to the Otolaryngological Department of Otolaryngology Institute of Parana with a diagnosis of "Dandy-Walker syndrome" for Otolaryngological evaluation for bilateral hearing loss with no response to the use of hearing aids. FINAL COMMENTS: The field of cochlear implants is growing rapidly. We believe that the presence of Dandy-Walker syndrome cannot be considered a contraindication to the performance of cochlear implant surgery, and there were no surgical complications due to neurological disorders with very favorable results for the patient who exhibits excellent discrimination. It has less need for lip reading with improvement in speech quality.

Este trabalho foi realizado na Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Campus Regional de Umuarama, PR, no ano agrícola de 2008/2009, com o objetivo de avaliar o desenvolvimento da cultura e a eficiência de uso da irrigação em produtividades de grãos, óleo e massa seca da cultura do girassol. Nos tratamentos irrigados (L1, L2, L3 e L4) foram adotados coeficientes de cultura (kc) iguais (L2), abaixo (L1) e acima dos propostos pela FAO (L3 e L4). A irrigação favoreceu o desenvolvimento da cultura e as maiores produtividades foram obtidas a partir de valores de kc 100% acima dos propostos pela FAO (L4). As maiores eficiências de uso de irrigação foram obtidas a partir de valores de kc propostos pela FAO (L2). A produtividade de grãos respondeu, de forma linear, à irrigação com 4.788 kg ha-1 em L0 (sem irrigação) e 6.963 kg ha-1 em L4. A irrigação não aumentou o teor de óleo, sendo a produtividade de óleo proporcional à produtividade de grãos.

This research was conducted at the State University of Maringa, Umuarama Campus, Parana State, in the season 2008/2009, with the objective to evaluate the growth and irrigation use efficiency on yield of grain, oil and dry weight of sunflower under irrigation levels. In the irrigated treatments (L1, L2, L3 and L4) the crop coefficients (kc) used were equal (L2), below (L1) and above (L3 and L4) those proposed by FAO. The irrigation favored the crop growth and the highest yield was obtained from values of kc 100% above those proposed by FAO (L4). The highest irrigation use efficiencies were obtained from values of kc by FAO (L2). The grain yield without irrigation (L0) was equal to 4788 kg ha-1, while in L2 and L4 treatments, grain yields were equal to 6304 and 6963 kg ha-1, respectively. The irrigation did not increase the oil content and oil yield was proportional to grain yield.